Understanding Quebec OHS Requirements for Small Businesses in 2026

The Act to modernize the occupational health and safety regime (Bill 59), adopted in 2021, has significantly changed employer obligations in Quebec. Since October 1, 2025, these new requirements are fully in effect for establishments with fewer than 20 workers.

What Has Changed?

Before the reform, only businesses in certain high-risk sectors were required to develop a formal prevention program. Now, all establishments, regardless of size or sector, must implement prevention mechanisms.

For businesses with fewer than 20 employees, the obligation takes the form of an occupational health and safety action plan. This plan must:

• Identify workplace hazards and risks
• Propose corrective measures with deadlines
• Assign a responsible person for each measure
• Be updated annually

The 6 Risk Categories to Assess

The CNESST requires risk identification across six categories:

1. Physical risks — noise, vibration, temperature, lighting, falls
2. Chemical risks — hazardous products, ventilation, WHMIS
3. Biological risks — mold, infectious agents, hygiene
4. Ergonomic risks — posture, manual handling, repetitive work
5. Psychosocial risks — harassment, burnout, workplace violence
6. Safety risks — evacuation, first aid, lone worker

The Liaison Officer: A New Requirement

Businesses with fewer than 20 employees must also designate an OHS liaison officer. This person serves as the contact between the employer and the CNESST. They must complete recognized training within one year of their designation.

What Are the Penalties?

Non-compliance can result in fines from $1,000 to $10,000 for a first offense, and up to $20,000 for repeat violations. The CNESST can also issue correction notices with strict deadlines.

How to Get Compliant Quickly

PlanSST was created specifically to help Quebec SMBs meet these new requirements. Our online tool guides you through:

• Risk identification with an industry-specific questionnaire
• Automatic action plan generation
• CNESST-compliant PDF export
• Liaison officer management

In less than 30 minutes, you can have a complete action plan ready for inspection.